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Grimsvotn

Data series

Eruptions
  • series: Eruptions
  • series_type: Volc_Eruptions
eruptioneruption_typett_sigmat_sourcerefnotes
SaksunarvatnUltra-Plinian-8346.51GICC05doi:10.1029/2005jd006079c. 10347 ± 89 (GICC05 yr b2k) has been suggested by Rasmussen et al. (2006).
I-THOL-2 (Tv-1)Plinian-10649.51GICC05doi:10.1029/2005jd006079cf. NGRIP 1519.1 m layer. GICC05 age 12650 ± 130 b2k. Alternatively SS09 12450-12454 ice core yrs BP
HovFissure-4009.5207IntCal09doi:10.1002/jqs.724c. 5170 ± 85 14C yr BP (Wastegard 2002, JQS 17(8), 723-730). Calibrates to 6182-5730 yr cal BP (2 sigma). Same age as SILK A1 based on 14C data from Hovsdalur but basaltic in major element composition. Based on this an origin in the Grimsvotn system is more likely than Katla.
FMAZ IIIPlinian-36121.51GICC05doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.004c. 38122 ± 723 b2k yr BP by Davies et al. (2010) from NGRIP 2066.95 m. This replaces c. 33 ka 14C yr by Wastegard et al. (2006), QSR 25, p.2409-2419.
Saksunarvatn_Distribution
  • series: Saksunarvatn_Distribution
  • series_type: Tephra_Distribution
  • eruption: Saksunarvatn
sitecountrylongitudelatitudeelevationsite_typesampletephra_typetephra_depositmaterialz_rangecollectedcollected_bynotes
LykkjuvøtnFaroe Islands-6.84237003361.9093017652TerrestrialQUEST495/31distalfallashquest

Hovsdalur

Data series

QUEST494/103_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/103_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.425
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/103
  • context: SILK A1
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Katla
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/103/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS68.210.9914.565.590.131.233.244.482.86000101.291
QUEST494/103/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS68.161.1614.145.540.231.243.223.722.71000100.121
QUEST494/103/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS67.651.0814.15.550.161.163.264.292.81000100.061
QUEST494/103/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS67.021.0614.145.610.221.223.064.642.8300099.81
QUEST494/103/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS66.971.1513.445.210.110.862.954.692.7700098.151
QUEST494/103/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS66.241.113.545.580.170.913.083.942.6100097.171
QUEST494/103/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS67.191.0713.174.520.070.812.223.953.9800096.981
QUEST494/103/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.780.1313.211.840.090.180.854.344.0200096.441
QUEST494/103/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.760.9713.355.020.190.922.994.092.6300095.921
QUEST494/104_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/104_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.425
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/104
  • context: Hov
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Grimsvotn
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/104/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS503.2412.4114.530.25.459.872.780.3900098.871
QUEST494/104/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS50.232.8612.9613.840.215.489.513.130.4900098.711
QUEST494/104/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.813.0112.7714.330.245.439.552.820.4500097.411
QUEST494/104/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS49.163.2512.5814.970.234.349.262.670.4800096.941
QUEST494/104/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.593.0412.5314.670.225.279.42.750.4400096.911
QUEST494/104/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS49.333.212.1914.350.324.339.952.120.4300096.221
QUEST494/104/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS49.043.2312.3213.910.224.359.442.670.4300095.611
QUEST494/104/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS49.283.6712.1213.60.24.369.292.690.3900095.61
QUEST494/104/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS49.063.2712.0813.960.174.259.472.860.4700095.591
QUEST494/104/10QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.922.9212.513.790.314.559.482.690.3900095.551
QUEST494/104/11QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.742.912.3314.180.863.728.943.050.500095.221
QUEST494/110_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/110_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.875
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/110
  • context: Suduroy Tephra
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Katla
  • eruption: Suduroy tephra
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/110/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.860.1713.323.760.120.181.384.623.5500098.961
QUEST494/110/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.70.2511.63.670.140.130.924.163.8300096.41
QUEST494/110/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.630.2613.33.90.150.181.284.533.700098.931
QUEST494/110/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.310.2113.163.810.150.191.253.7100098.741
QUEST494/110/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.130.2113.323.580.120.161.174.963.5300098.181
QUEST494/110/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS70.590.1612.983.850.130.21.284.83.4700097.461
QUEST494/110/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS70.070.1713.183.850.160.191.094.963.5600097.231
QUEST494/110/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS69.870.1613.033.740.170.161.224.883.5600096.791
QUEST494/110/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS69.810.212.873.810.130.141.486.242.600097.281
QUEST494/110/10QUEST-08QUEST-WDS68.490.1912.763.740.170.181.184.613.5900094.911
QUEST494/28_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/28_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.125
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/28
  • context: Hekla 1845
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Hekla
  • eruption: Hekla AD1845
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/28/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS66.150.3115.035.560.210.533.254.391.8600097.291
QUEST494/28/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS63.450.6714.798.650.550.714.335.071.5100099.731
QUEST494/28/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS62.60.7913.969.070.310.844.254.81.3500097.971
QUEST494/28/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS60.931.0315.158.730.291.725.274.311.6600099.091
QUEST494/28/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS60.790.9914.998.130.241.44.624.031.8600097.051
QUEST494/28/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS60.371.1715.418.590.231.694.864.181.5900098.091
QUEST494/28/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS60.321.115.1490.371.75.124.411.5300098.691
QUEST494/28/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS60.191.115.138.390.271.615.054.411.4900097.641
QUEST494/28/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS59.850.9714.998.330.211.624.774.291.500096.531
QUEST494/28/10QUEST-08QUEST-WDS58.31.0315.588.90.272.535.754.241.0800097.681
QUEST494/40_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/40_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.285
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/40
  • context: Tjornuvik AD800 A
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Hekla
  • eruption: Tjornuvik AD800 A
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/40/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.340.0312.741.880.060.051.414.312.9100096.731
QUEST494/40/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS72.020.0712.481.830.060.051.264.252.5600094.581
QUEST494/40/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS720.0512.71.870.110.081.364.212.7400095.121
QUEST494/40/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.91012.861.570.050.051.334.372.6600094.81
QUEST494/40/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS71.630.0212.71.810.080.071.34.322.5400094.471
QUEST494/40/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.520.3714.356.290.290.253.744.311.9700097.091
QUEST494/40/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.360.4814.615.510.220.533.24.021.8300095.761
QUEST494/40/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS63.550.514.278.060.260.463.964.411.7700097.241
QUEST494/40/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS63.130.5114.088.050.230.423.954.251.6400096.261
QUEST494/40/10QUEST-08QUEST-WDS61.960.6814.419.180.280.664.234.371.6900097.461
QUEST494/40/11QUEST-08QUEST-WDS60.670.914.479.050.250.944.424.271.5700096.541
QUEST494/55_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/55_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.285
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/55
  • context: Landnam
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Veidivotn
  • eruption: Landnam (basaltic)
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/55/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS49.492.0813.1213.30.266.0211.162.720.2400098.391
QUEST494/55/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.912.1212.7113.640.186.0110.922.490.2500097.231
QUEST494/55/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.322.0812.6713.310.256.2911.392.730.1700097.211
QUEST494/55/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.822.3412.5313.420.265.9410.862.530.3000971
QUEST494/55/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.71.8513.312.220.26.5611.462.440.2300096.961
QUEST494/55/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.881.8813.3712.290.236.3511.252.470.1700096.891
QUEST494/55/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.791.7513.5311.780.216.7511.432.460.1900096.891
QUEST494/55/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.51.8113.1512.570.216.2211.182.540.2400096.421
QUEST494/55/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.721.9412.9212.670.226.04112.450.2300096.191
QUEST494/55/10QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.531.9312.6812.950.265.9410.982.670.2400096.181
QUEST494/55/11QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.761.8413.0412.370.236.3210.922.470.2200096.171
QUEST494/55/12QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.421.8613.1912.30.226.2611.032.440.2100095.931
QUEST494/55/13QUEST-08QUEST-WDS48.932.5812.6213.650.35.159.232.870.3700095.71
QUEST494/55/14QUEST-08QUEST-WDS47.611.9912.1812.880.185.9710.831.840.2400093.721
QUEST494/61_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/61_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 0.635
  • z_range: 0.01
  • sample: QUEST494/61
  • context: SILK A7
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: EVZ
  • volcano: Katla
  • eruption: SILK-A7
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/61/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS66.061.0714.095.580.171.173.234.132.8400098.341
QUEST494/61/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS66.041.0714.035.50.211.213.164.212.8300098.261
QUEST494/61/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.931.0514.25.560.171.193.134.173.0100098.411
QUEST494/61/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.740.9413.935.430.181.173.313.892.8700097.461
QUEST494/61/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.641.0713.995.370.251.143.093.762.8600097.171
QUEST494/61/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.481.0813.775.40.191.133.14.012.8500097.011
QUEST494/61/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS65.051.0113.865.570.181.123.434.072.800097.091
QUEST494/61/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS63.11.0513.535.550.131.193.434.082.8400094.91
QUEST494/71_Majors
  • series: QUEST494/71_Majors
  • series_type: Tephra_Sample_Majors
  • z: 2.52
  • z_range: 0.06
  • sample: QUEST494/71
  • context: Hovsdalur tephra
  • tephra_type: distal
  • tephra_deposit: fall
  • material: ash
  • collected_by: quest
  • volc_region: SVB
  • volcano: Snaefellsjokull
  • eruption: Hovsdalur tephra
labcodebatchinstrumentSiO2TiO2Al2O3FeOtMnOMgOCaONa2OK2OP2O5ClFtotalok
QUEST494/71/01QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.850.1211.81.10.050.080.53.824.0800096.41
QUEST494/71/02QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.710.111.641.10.010.060.53.393.9600095.471
QUEST494/71/03QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.510.1311.720.960.020.060.423.523.9800095.321
QUEST494/71/04QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.420.1411.511.0300.070.473.483.6600094.781
QUEST494/71/05QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.420.0811.611.20.070.050.482.393.8900094.191
QUEST494/71/06QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.230.1311.691.010.020.040.543.63.8500095.111
QUEST494/71/07QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.220.111.461.130.040.040.443.33.9300094.661
QUEST494/71/08QUEST-08QUEST-WDS74.210.0911.521.180.050.060.53.174.0200094.81
QUEST494/71/09QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.990.0911.341.10.030.050.4633.9100093.971
QUEST494/71/10QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.970.1111.5910.020.050.423.073.9300094.161
QUEST494/71/11QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.950.1111.471.140.010.060.533.123.9900094.381
QUEST494/71/12QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.850.111.551.1200.040.482.683.9600093.781
QUEST494/71/13QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.710.1211.620.970.060.050.363.464.0400094.391
QUEST494/71/14QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.70.1311.491.090.020.060.543.423.8300094.281
QUEST494/71/15QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.70.1111.711.140.030.050.453.534.0200094.741
QUEST494/71/16QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.690.111.511.130.080.050.423.824.0200094.821
QUEST494/71/17QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.590.1111.641.160.080.040.453.553.8500094.471
QUEST494/71/18QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.590.0911.641.150.030.030.413.58400094.521
QUEST494/71/19QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.570.1311.420.960.070.030.433.443.7200093.771
QUEST494/71/20QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.420.1311.721.270.010.040.53.273.7400094.11
QUEST494/71/21QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.390.1311.551.330.080.10.563.323.9600094.421
QUEST494/71/22QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.360.1111.31.1900.030.423.433.9300093.771
QUEST494/71/23QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.290.1111.561.140.030.060.463.523.9100094.081
QUEST494/71/24QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.240.0811.431.260.010.040.433.273.7500093.511
QUEST494/71/25QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.180.1111.541.130.040.070.543.474.0100094.091
QUEST494/71/26QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.130.0911.581.1700.060.463.613.7300093.831
QUEST494/71/27QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.080.1311.621.2900.030.453.253.9100093.761
QUEST494/71/28QUEST-08QUEST-WDS73.080.1411.511.120.030.050.53.63.8200093.851
QUEST494/71/29QUEST-08QUEST-WDS72.980.1111.491.180.020.080.483.353.6800093.371
QUEST494/71/30QUEST-08QUEST-WDS72.950.1711.471.260.040.050.433.243.9100093.521
Tephra_Samples
  • series: Tephra_Samples
  • series_type: Tephra_Samples
zz_rangesamplett_sigmacontextsectortephra_typetephra_depositmaterialtephra_shardstephra_shards_absvolc_regionvolcanoeruptionnotes
0.8750.01QUEST494/110-6119.590Suduroy Tephradistalfallash99990EVZKatlaSuduroy tephra
0.4250.01QUEST494/104Hovdistalfallash99990EVZGrimsvotn
0.4250.01QUEST494/103SILK A1distalfallash99990EVZKatla
0.2850.01QUEST494/55871.51Landnamdistalfallash99990EVZVeidivotnLandnam (basaltic)
0.1250.01QUEST494/281845.51Hekla 1845distalfallash99990EVZHeklaHekla AD1845
2.520.06QUEST494/71-8524.5175Hovsdalur tephradistalfallash99990SVBSnaefellsjokullHovsdalur tephra
0.6350.01QUEST494/61-5189.5123SILK A7distalfallash99990EVZKatlaSILK-A7
0.2850.01QUEST494/40800.550Tjornuvik AD800 Adistalfallash99990EVZHeklaTjornuvik AD800 A
2.0850.03QUEST494/31-8346.51Saksunavatndistalfallash99990EVZGrimsvotnSaksunarvatn3 cm thick visible layer
Tephras
  • series: Tephras
  • series_type: Tephras
zz_rangett_sigmasamplevolc_regionvolcanoeruptionref
0.8750.01-6119.590QUEST494/110EVZKatlaSuduroy tephradoi:10.1002/jqs.724
0.1250.011845.51QUEST494/28EVZHeklaHekla AD1845doi:10.1002/jqs.724
2.0850.03-8346.51QUEST494/31EVZGrimsvotnSaksunarvatn
0.2850.01800.550QUEST494/40EVZHeklaTjornuvik AD800 Adoi:10.1002/jqs.724
0.2850.01871.51QUEST494/55EVZVeidivotnLandnam (basaltic)doi:10.1002/jqs.724
0.6350.01-5189.5123QUEST494/61EVZKatlaSILK-A7doi:10.1002/jqs.724
2.520.06-8524.5175QUEST494/71SVBSnaefellsjokullHovsdalur tephradoi:10.1002/jqs.724

Katla

Data series

Eruptions
  • series: Eruptions
  • series_type: Volc_Eruptions
eruptioneruption_typett_sigmat_sourcerefnotes
Vedde AshUltra-Plinian-10170.51GICC05doi:10.1029/2005jd006079Bi-model rhyolitic and basalt ash layer, c. 12171 ± 114 yr b2k (GICC05); alternatively NGRIP SS09 11985-11988 ice core yr BP. Norddahl and Haflidason (1992) have suggested that the Skogar tephra is the proximal correlate of the Vedde Ash.
Katla AD1625Plinian1625.51CalendarAD 1625 historical
Eldgja tephraSub-Plinian934.51GICC05doi:10.1177/095968369500500201
notes
c. AD 938 ± 4 (GISP2) or AD934 ± 2.

Katla~1000 and K-x are now believed to correspond to this eruption (G. Larsen, 2010, Katla: tephrochronology and eruption history, in Schomacker et al. [eds.] 'The Mýrdalsjökull Ice Cap, Iceland: glacial processes, sediments and landforms on an active volcano', Developments in Quaternary Science vol. 13, pp.23-49, Amsterdam: Elsevier).
  • GA4-85Plinian750.550doi:10.1191/0959683602hl538rrc. AD 700-800 interpolated (Hall & Pilcher 2002).
    Tjornuvik AD800 BPlinian800.550doi:10.1191/095968301668079904ninth century AD age suggested by Wastegard et al. (2001).
    GB4-150Plinian-777.521IntCal04doi:10.1191/0959683604hl757rrc. 800-758 cal BC (Plunkett et al. 2004).
    Mjauvotn APlinian-4399.5200doi:10.1191/095968301668079904c. 5300-5700 14C yr BP radiocarbon. A mid-distal basaltic tephra (Tv-5) dated to c. 6000 BP with a similar geochemistry to this tephra has been recorded in the sediment succession from Lake Torfadalsvatn on northern Iceland (Bjorck et al., 1992).
    Mjauvotn BPlinian-4399.5200doi:10.1191/095968301668079904c. 5300-5700 14C yr BP radiocarbon
    Torfadalsvatn (Tv-5)Sub-Plinian-4954.5240IntCal09doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.1992.tb00009.xTransitional alkali basalt. Dated at Lake Torfadalsvatn to 6000 ± 140 14C yr BP (c.7240-6500 cal BP, 2 sigma). Possibly the mid-distal equivalent of Mjauvotn A tephra on the Faroes (Wastegard 2001). On the basis of major element geochemistry believed to be from Katla.
    SILK-A1Sub-Plinian-4009.5207IntCal09doi:10.1002/jqs.724c. 5170 ± 85 14C yr BP (Wastegard 2002, JQS 17(8), 723-730). Calibrates to 6182-5730 yr cal BP (2 sigma).
    SILK-A7Sub-Plinian-5189.5123IntCal09doi:10.1002/jqs.724c. 6245 ± 90 14C yr BP calibrates to 7415-6932 yr cal BP (2 sigma; Wastegard 2002)
    SILK-YNSub-Plinian310.570IntCal09doi:10.1179/env.2000.5.1.21There are three 14C ages for this tephra, from 1500 ± 70 to 1880 ± 60 14C yr BP. Dugmore et al. (2000) argue for an age of 1740 ± 50 14C yr BP. Calibrated age range of 1811-1539 cal BP (2 sigma).
    Suduroy tephraPlinian-6119.590IntCal09doi:10.1002/jqs.724Rhyolitic ash layer, c. 7240 ± 95 14C yr BP calibrates to 8310-7868 cal BP (2 sigma; Wastegard 2002, JQS 17(8), 723-730).
    NGRIP 1508.26mSub-Plinian-10249.51GICC05doi:10.1029/2005jd006079Rhyolitic ash layer. NGRIP GICC05 age of 12250 ± 117 b2k years
    NGRIP 1573.00mSub-Plinian-12019.51GICC05doi:10.1029/2005jd006079Basalt layer. NGRIP GICC05 14020 ± 167 b2k.
    Dimna AshPlinian-13149.5300IntCal04doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.04.021Rhyolitic ash that is below radiocarbon age of 12780 ± 60 14C yr BP (15400-14850 cal BP) on terrestrial plant macrofossils (Koren et al. 2008)
    AF555Plinian-9544.5295IntCal09doi:10.1002/jqs.1498Rhyolitic ash layer. Bayesian age model 11.79-11.20 cal ka BP
    Solheimar IgnimbritePhreato-Plinian-10149.5700doi:10.1007/bf00298704correlated with Vedde Ash and dated to Younger Dryas Stadial.
    NGRIP 1861.55mSub-Plinian-25526.51GICC05doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.004Transitional alkali basalt; GICC05 age of 27527 ± 410 b2k
    NGRIP 1895.24mSub-Plinian-27129.51GICC05doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.004Transitional alkali basalt; GICC05 age of 29130 ± 456 b2k
    IA2Sub-Plinian-11199.5146Orbitaldoi:10.1016/s0277-3791(00)00146-3Ice rafted rhyolitic ash layer, Bond et al. (2001) assigns this to GI-1b which has a GICC05 age range of 13311-13099 b2k (± 146).
    Skopun tephraPlinian-7799.5100IntCal09doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.01414C modeled age of 9850-9650 yr cal BP (Lind & Wastegard 2011).
    St. 5a-TAB-1Plinian-73449.55000Orbitaldoi:10.1016/0012-821x(95)00145-3TAB geochemical composition
    St. 5a-TAB-2Plinian-75549.55000Orbitaldoi:10.1016/0012-821x(95)00145-3TAB geochemical composition
    Tjornuvik AD800 B_Distribution
    • series: Tjornuvik AD800 B_Distribution
    • series_type: Tephra_Distribution
    • eruption: Tjornuvik AD800 B
    sitecountrylongitudelatitudeelevationsite_typesampletephra_typetephra_depositmaterialz_rangecollectedcollected_bynotes
    Borg IndrepollenNorway13.4940004368.14499664TerrestrialQUEST636/54distalfallashquest
    Vedde Ash_Distribution
    • series: Vedde Ash_Distribution
    • series_type: Tephra_Distribution
    • eruption: Vedde Ash
    sitecountrylongitudelatitudeelevationsite_typesampletephra_typetephra_depositmaterialz_rangecollectedcollected_bynotes
    GurskøyNorway5.55788993862.3708992TerrestrialQUEST637/3distalfallashquest
    KvaltjernNorway4.98140001360.42309952TerrestrialQUEST639/3distalfallashquest
    Lake KullatorpssjönSweden12.4877004656.2941017289TerrestrialQUEST692/3distalfallashquest
    Lake MullsjönSweden14.3607997958.36930084133TerrestrialQUEST695/3distalfallashquest
    Lerstadvatn, ÅlesondNorway6.26099014362.36729813TerrestrialQUEST641/3distalfallashquest
    Lake GjølvatnNorway6.25216007262.43230057TerrestrialQUEST640/3distalfallashquest
    LillerestjønnNorway6.3170499862.46889877TerrestrialQUEST642/3distalfallashquest
    SaudedalsmyraNorway6.23669004462.43389893TerrestrialQUEST643/3distalfallashquest
    Lac de SewenFrance6.89722013547.81169891500TerrestrialQUEST823/3distalfallashquest

    Snaefellsjokull

    Data series

    Eruptions
    • series: Eruptions
    • series_type: Volc_Eruptions
    eruptioneruption_typett_sigmat_sourcerefnotes
    Sn-2Sub-Plinian-2454.5163IntCal09ref:johannesson1981sahc. 3960 ± 100 14C yr BP (Jóhannesson et al. 1981). Calibrates to 4813-4095 yr cal BP (2 sigma).
    SSn (Svinavatn)Sub-Plinian-7499.550c. 7500 BC radiocarbon
    HogstorpsmossenPlinian-8347.5108IntCal09doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1417(199908)14:5<399::aid-jqs448>3.0.co;2-rBracketed by two 14C ages in inverted sequence: 9255 ± 145 and 8980 ± 125 14C yr BP (Bjorck & Wastegard 1999). Weighted mean calibrated age range of 10,556-9931 yr cal BP (2 sigma).
    Hovsdalur tephraSub-Plinian-8524.5175IntCal09doi:10.1002/jqs.724c. 9300 ± 85 14C yr BP; i.e. 10,695-10,285 cal BP (2 sigma; Wastegard et al. 2002).
    Hasseldalen tephraPlinian-9437.5156IntCal04doi:10.1002/jqs.996c. 11,543-11,232 cal BP bayesian 14C wiggle-match (Wohlfarth et al. 2006).
    Sn-1Sub-Plinian170.545IntCal09doi:10.3402/polar.v21i2.6489c. 1855 ± 25 14C yr BP on peaty soil (Larsen et al. 2002). Calibrates to 1865-1720 yr cal BP (2 sigma).

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