IntChron > doi > 10.1017 > s0033822200008183
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Records
BNC
- environment: Grassland Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Banda Cave
- country: Swaziland
- region: Hhohho District
- latitude: -26.200000762939
- longitude: 31.03330039978
- record: BNC
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
BNC_Radiocarbon
- series: BNC_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 459.859 | 51.4626 | GrN-5021 | GrN-5021 | | 1650 | 40 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | | | 38 cm | | Considered contaminated by Iron Age charcoal | |
| -4713.81 | 105.869 | Y-1714 | Y-1714 | | 5890 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | 20-30 cm | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/BNC
CSC
- environment: Grassland Biome
- site_context: mine
- site: Castle Cavern
- country: Swaziland
- region: Hhohho District
- latitude: -26.194599151611
- longitude: 31.041799545288
- record: CSC
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
CSC_Radiocarbon
- series: CSC_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 579.886 | 36.6286 | GrN-5022 | GrN-5022 | | 1535 | 30 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Early Iron Age | 90-120 cm | | ochre mine | |
| 562.542 | 41.7375 | GrN-5315 | GrN-5315 | | 1550 | 30 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Early Iron Age | 120-132 cm | | ochre mine | |
| 543.998 | 63.907 | Y-1712 | Y-1712 | | 1550 | 60 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Early Iron Age | 60-90 cm | | ochre mine | |
| 663.338 | 108.184 | Y-1995 | Y-1995 | | 1430 | 100 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Early Iron Age | 30-60 cm | | ochre mine | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/CSC
CSQ
- environment: Grassland Biome
- site_context: mine
- site: Castle Quarry
- country: Swaziland
- region: Hhohho District
- latitude: -26.161800384521
- longitude: 31.05890083313
- record: CSQ
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
CSQ_Radiocarbon
- series: CSQ_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -981.719 | 62.6701 | GrN-5023 | GrN-5023 | | 2860 | 35 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | 170 cm | | ochre mine | |
| -2430.29 | 187.92 | Y-1829 | Y-1829 | | 3970 | 120 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | 180 cm | | ochre mine | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/CSQ
ERO
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Eros Shelter
- country: Namibia
- region: Khomas District
- latitude: -22.549999237061
- longitude: 17.083299636841
- record: ERO
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
ERO_Radiocarbon
- series: ERO_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 1566.13 | 45.3401 | GrN-5296 | GrN-5296 | | 345 | 30 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | | | B 1541/B2ii | | | |
| 342.816 | 58.9316 | GrN-5297 | GrN-5297 | | 1735 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | | | B 1541 /B2iii) | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/ERO
KDW
- environment: Savanna Biome
- site_context: settlement
- site: Kaditshwene 13/66 (Vergenoegd
- country: South Africa
- region: North West Province
- latitude: -25.626499176025
- longitude: 26.095399856567
- record: KDW
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
KDW_Radiocarbon
- series: KDW_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 1781.34 | 80.9579 | GrN-5137 | GrN-5137 | | 203 | 44 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Later Iron Age | | smelting | Group I | |
| 1838.63 | 78.3236 | GrN-5307 | GrN-5307 | | 138 | 30 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Later Iron Age | | smelting | | |
| 1760.33 | 66.3273 | GrN-5338 | GrN-5338 | | 216 | 33 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Later Iron Age | | smelting | Buispoort facies | |
| 1837.91 | 78.6792 | GrN-5339 | GrN-5339 | | 137 | 32 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Later Iron Age | | smelting | | |
| 1793.84 | 98.9505 | Wits-1466 | Wits-1466 | | 155 | 90 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | Iron Age | Later Iron Age | | smelting | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/KDW
LCA
- environment: Grassland Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Lion Cavern
- country: Swaziland
- region: Hhohho District
- latitude: -26.200000762939
- longitude: 31.03330039978
- record: LCA
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
LCA_Radiocarbon
- series: LCA_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -30283.8 | 424.502 | GrN-5020 | GrN-5020 | | 28130 | 260 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | 244-290 cm | | | |
| | | GrN-5313 | GrN-5313 | > | 43200 | 0 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | 335-410 cm | | | |
| -8993.87 | 139.869 | Y-1713 | Y-1713 | | 9640 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | 213-244 cm | | | |
| -24624 | 397.783 | Y-1827 | Y-1827 | | 22280 | 400 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/LCA
RCC
- environment: Grassland Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Rose Cottage Cave
- country: South Africa
- region: Free State
- latitude: -29.25
- longitude: 27.5
- record: RCC
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
RCC_Radiocarbon
- series: RCC_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 984.99 | 39.8047 | GrN-5298 | GrN-5298 | | 1100 | 30 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| -5699.77 | 45.9315 | GrN-5299 | GrN-5299 | | 6850 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Wilton | Pt | | | |
| -27869.2 | 268.212 | GrN-5300 | GrN-5300 | | 25640 | 220 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | Jf? "ELSA" | | | |
| -39157.7 | 2208.12 | Pta-0001 | Pta-0001 | | 36100 | 2000 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | Upper Magosian | |
| -31828 | 624.032 | Pta-0211 | Pta-0211 | | 29430 | 520 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | "pre-Wilton" | | | |
| | | Pta-0213 | Pta-0213 | m | 0 | 0 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | Upper Magosian | |
| | | Pta-0214 | Pta-0214 | m | 0 | 0 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | Upper Magosian | |
| | | Pta-0231 | Pta-0231 | m | 0 | 0 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | Upper Magosian | |
| | | Pta-0354 | Pta-0354 | m | 0 | 0 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | Upper Magosian | |
| -24962.2 | 277.705 | Pta-1416 | Pta-1416 | | 22700 | 240 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | OrangeSand | | | |
| -25607 | 155.877 | Pta-1417 | Pta-1417 | | 23400 | 200 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | OrangeSand | | | |
| -7688.71 | 140.233 | Pta-2076 | Pta-2076 | | 8640 | 100 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Wilton | | | | |
| 1371.96 | 40.196 | Pta-350 | Pta-350 | | 610 | 50 | potsherd | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | | | Grass-tempered sherd | |
| -7596.31 | 43.1938 | Pta-5560 | Pta-5560 | | 8614 | 38 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Oakhurst | H | | | |
| -33991.9 | 1063.39 | Pta-5592 | Pta-5592 | | 31300 | 900 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | Ge/OrangeSand | | | |
| -13048.1 | 264.018 | Pta-5593 | Pta-5593 | | 12690 | 120 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Robberg | DB (top) | | | |
| -29355.9 | 304.16 | Pta-5596 | Pta-5596 | | 27200 | 350 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | Dc | | | |
| -22798.1 | 336.191 | Pta-5598 | Pta-5598 | | 20600 | 250 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | G/G2 | | | |
| -8439.08 | 92.6641 | Pta-5599 | Pta-5599 | | 9250 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Oakhurst | O | | | |
| -7382.68 | 104.681 | Pta-5600 | Pta-5600 | | 8380 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Oakhurst | JaG | | | |
| -14080.7 | 222.694 | Pta-5601 | Pta-5601 | | 13360 | 150 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Robberg | DB (bottom) | | | |
| 1343.57 | 35.5566 | Pta-5622 | Pta-5622 | | 680 | 50 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | A | | | |
| -4817.15 | 94.6793 | Pta-5934 | Pta-5934 | | 5970 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Wilton | Pt | | | |
| -16974.6 | 50.2212 | Pta-6195 | Pta-6195 | | 15700 | 40 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Robberg | Wal | | | |
| -30831.9 | 2105.19 | Pta-6202 | Pta-6202 | | 27800 | 1700 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | Ru | | | |
| -29089.9 | 558.566 | Pta-6303 | Pta-6303 | | 26900 | 550 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | J/RU | | | |
| -6442.56 | 90.4066 | Pta-6783 | Pta-6783 | | 7630 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Wilton | Pt | | | |
| 1457.2 | 51.7606 | Pta-6788 | Pta-6788 | | 500 | 50 | potsherd | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | Mn | | Grass-tempered sherd | |
| -254.189 | 83.5072 | Pta-7117 | Pta-7117 | | 2240 | 60 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | A2 | | | |
| -7121.13 | 133.371 | Pta-7122 | Pta-7122 | | 8160 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Oakhurst | Ja | | | |
| -29949.8 | 590.123 | Pta-7126 | Pta-7126 | | 27700 | 480 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | Ru | | | |
| -31104.6 | 631.091 | Pta-7184 | Pta-7184 | | 28800 | 450 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | Ru | | | |
| -8537.48 | 124.355 | Pta-7228 | Pta-7228 | | 9340 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Robberg | LB | | | |
| -8917.19 | 150.276 | Pta-7275 | Pta-7275 | | 9560 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Robberg | LB | | | |
| -7349.79 | 109.856 | Pta-7287 | Pta-7287 | | 8350 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Oakhurst | Ph | | | |
| -21566.9 | 255.087 | Pta-7289 | Pta-7289 | | 19600 | 220 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | G/G2 | | | |
| -15459.2 | 208.119 | Pta-7290 | Pta-7290 | | 14320 | 120 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Robberg | Be | | | |
| -19597.3 | 282.079 | Pta-7390 | Pta-7390 | | 17800 | 180 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | G | | | |
| -33139.4 | 235.089 | Pta-7763 | Pta-7763 | | 30800 | 200 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | OrangeSand | | | |
| -35807.5 | 1128.95 | Pta-7796 | Pta-7796 | | 32900 | 910 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | OrangeSand | | | |
| -33139.4 | 235.089 | Pta-7805 | Pta-7805 | | 30800 | 200 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | Dy/OrangeSand | | | |
| | | SR-0116 | SR-0116 | m | 0 | 0 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | | | Upper Magosian | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/RCC
SBB
- environment: Grassland Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Sibebe
- country: Swaziland
- region: Hhohho District
- latitude: -26.28330039978
- longitude: 31.166700363159
- record: SBB
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
SBB_Radiocarbon
- series: SBB_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -25153.4 | 209.272 | GrN-5314 | GrN-5314 | | 22850 | 160 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | V | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/SBB
Publications
- Beaumont, P.B. and Boshier, A. (1972) Some comments on recent findings at Border Cave, Northern Natal. South African Journal of Science, 68(1), pp.22-24. data publication
- Butzer, K. and Vogel, J. (1979) Archaeo-sedimentological sequences from the sub-montane interior of South Africa: Rose Cottage Cave, Heuningneskrans, and Bushman Rock Shelter. In 6th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Stellenbosch.. data
- Clark, A.M.B. (1999) Late Pleistocene technology at Rose Cottage Cave: A search for modern behavior in an MSA context. African Archaeological Review, 16, pp.93-113. data publication
- Mason, R. (1969) Tentative Interpretations of New Radiocarbon Dates for Stone Artefact Assemblages from Rose Cottage Cave, O.F.S. and Bushman Rock Shelter, TVL. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 24(94), p.57. doi:10.2307/3887663 data publication
- Pienaar, M. (2007) Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. Doctoral thesis, University of Pretoria. data publication
- Pienaar, M., Woodborne, S. and Wadley, L. (2008) Optically stimulated luminescence dating at Rose Cottage Cave. South African Journal of Science, 104(1-2), pp.65-70. data publication
- Stuiver, M. (1969) Yale Natural Radiocarbon Measurements IX. Radiocarbon, 11(2), pp.545-658. doi:10.1017/s0033822200011413 data publication
- VOGEL, J.C. and BEAUMONT, P. (1972) Revised Radiocarbon Chronology for the Stone Age in South Africa. Nature, 237(5349), pp.50-51. doi:10.1038/237050a0 data publication
- Vogel, J. (1970) Groningen Radiocarbon Dates IX. Radiocarbon, 12(02), pp.444-471. doi:10.1017/s0033822200008183 data publication
- Vogel, J. and Marais, M. (1971) Pretoria Radiocarbon Dates I. Radiocarbon, 13(02), pp.378-394. doi:10.1017/s003382220000850x data publication
- Wadley, L. (1991) Rose Cottage Cave: Background and a Preliminary Report on the Recent Excavations. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 46(154), p.125. doi:10.2307/3889091 data publication
- Wadley, L. (1992) Rose Cottage Cave: The Later Stone Age Levels with European and Iron Age Artefacts. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 47(155), p.8. doi:10.2307/3888986 data publication
- Wadley, L. (2000) The Early Holocene Layers of Rose Cottage Cave, Eastern Free State: Technology, Spatial Patterns and Environment. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 55(171), p.18. doi:10.2307/3888889 data publication
- Wadley, L. (2000) The Wilton and Pre-Ceramic Post-Classic Wilton Industries at Rose Cottage Cave and Their Context in the South African Sequence. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 55(172), p.90. doi:10.2307/3888959 data publication
- Wadley, L. (2005) A Typological Study of the Final Middle Stone Age Stone Tools from Sibudu Cave, Kwazulu-Natal. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 60, pp.51-63. doi:10.2307/3889118 data publication
- Wadley, L. and Vogel, J.C. (1991) New dates from Rose Cottage Cave, Ladybrand, eastern Orange Free State.. South African Journal of Science, 87, pp.605-608. data
- Woodborne, S. and Vogel, J.C. (1997) Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science, 93, pp.476-78. data publication
Compilation
- by: IntChron
- url: https://intchron.org
- updated: 2025-07-01T04:06:02+01:00
- retrieved: 2025-07-01T04:06:02+01:00
- schema: https://intchron.org/schema
- data_url: http://intchron.org/public.php?ref=doi:10.1017/s0033822200008183
Site designed by: Christopher Bronk Ramsey, University of Oxford