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A11
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Apollo 11 Cave
- country: Namibia
- region: ||Karas Region
- latitude: -27.75
- longitude: 17.10000038147
- record: A11
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
A11_Radiocarbon
- series: A11_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -13565.1 | 121.569 | KIA35914 | KIA35914 | | 13010 | 70 | charcoal | | | AMS | LSA | | Z8a/+15 | | | |
| -13430.2 | 99.9034 | KIA35915 | KIA35915 | | 12900 | 50 | charcoal | | | AMS | LSA | | Z8a/+10 | | | |
| -15285 | 90.7505 | KIA35916 | KIA35916 | | 14230 | 55 | charcoal | | | AMS | LSA | | Z8/+-0 | | | |
| -26324.9 | 220.056 | KIA35917 | KIA35917 | | 24150 | 150 | charcoal | | | AMS | MSA | Final MSA | Z8/-10 | | | |
| -35581 | 1094.01 | KN-2115 | KN-2115 | | 32700 | 860 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | E (lower) | | | |
| -20635.5 | 187.495 | KN-4042 | KN-4042 | | 18650 | 170 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | | | | |
| -19013.4 | 233.559 | KN-4067 | KN-4067 | | 17380 | 160 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | | | | |
| -27914.9 | 803.66 | KN-4068 | KN-4068 | | 25600 | 800 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | | | | |
| -30672.2 | 614.654 | KN-I 2056 | KN-I 2056 | | 28400 | 450 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | E (upper) | | | |
| -20639.8 | 215.008 | KN-I 2057 | KN-I 2057 | | 18660 | 210 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | D (base) | | | |
| -14577.9 | 199.721 | KN-I 612 | KN-I 612 | | 13690 | 120 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer D | | | |
| -15740.3 | 144.575 | KN-I 613 | KN-I 613 | | 14550 | 60 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer D | | | |
| -13595.4 | 156.057 | KN-I 614 | KN-I 614 | | 13030 | 100 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer D | | | |
| -14232.5 | 194.173 | KN-I 811 | KN-I 811 | | 13470 | 125 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer D | | | |
| -21741.2 | 244.657 | KN-I 812 | KN-I 812 | | 19760 | 175 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | D (base) | | | |
| -28937.9 | 658.313 | KN-I 813 | KN-I 813 | | 26700 | 650 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | E (upper) | | | |
| 1463.56 | 50.5055 | KN-I-608 | KN-I-608 | | 490 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Final LSA | Layer A:B8/+55 | | | |
| -5105.69 | 94.6481 | KN-I-609 | KN-I-609 | | 6200 | 65 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer C | | microlithic LSA | |
| -8694.6 | 173.247 | KN-I-610 | KN-I-610 | | 9430 | 90 | | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer C | | microlithic LSA | |
| -10299.1 | 175.652 | KN-I-611 | KN-I-611 | | 10420 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer C | | microlithic LSA | |
| 629.271 | 53.808 | KN-I-846 | KN-I-846 | | 1460 | 55 | plant remains | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | Layer B:B8-9/+50 | | | |
| -6034.55 | 87.2674 | KN-I-867 | KN-I-867 | | 7200 | 75 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer C | | microlithic LSA | |
| -36087.1 | 278.84 | KN-I-869 | KN-I-869 | | 33370 | 50 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | E (lower) | | | |
| 432.097 | 72.6631 | KN-I-870 | KN-I-870 | | 1670 | 55 | plant remains | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | Layer B:A8/+45 | | | |
| 1587.37 | 65.3766 | Pta-1009 | Pta-1009 | | 320 | 40 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Final LSA | Layer A:B3/-12 | | | |
| -13626.5 | 182.539 | Pta-1010 | Pta-1010 | | 13050 | 120 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer D | | | |
| -5401.94 | 81.7101 | Pta-1019 | Pta-1019 | | 6480 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer C:B9 | | microlithic LSA | |
| -6120.57 | 87.7646 | Pta-1020 | Pta-1020 | | 7280 | 80 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer C | | microlithic LSA | |
| -12703.8 | 264.916 | Pta-1021 | Pta-1021 | | 12510 | 120 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Layer D | | | |
| -23920.2 | 325.842 | Pta-1032 | Pta-1032 | | 21600 | 300 | plant remains | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | Layer E:A8x2/-15 | | short-lived | |
| -20468.4 | 218.174 | Pta-1039 | Pta-1039 | | 18500 | 190 | plant remains | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | D (base) | | short-lived | |
| -28577.8 | 344.645 | Pta-1040 | Pta-1040 | | 26300 | 400 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | E (upper) | | | |
| -42071.4 | 1639.54 | Pta-1041 | Pta-1041 | | 39800 | 1700 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | | E | | | |
| 88.5321 | 63.5359 | Pta-1918 | Pta-1918 | | 1960 | 45 | plant remains | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | Layer B:A8X/+35 | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/A11
ETM
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Etemba Shelter
- country: Namibia
- region: Erongo Region
- latitude: -21.450000762939
- longitude: 15.64999961853
- record: ETM
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
ETM_Radiocarbon
- series: ETM_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 126.016 | 65.9302 | KN-I-465 | KN-I-465 | | 1930 | 50 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | Shelter 2, 52-56cm | | | |
| 1534.36 | 62.4505 | KN-I-467 | KN-I-467 | | 420 | 60 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | Shelter 14, 10-15cm | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/ETM
FCK
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Fackeltrager Shelter, Omandumb
- country: Namibia
- region: Erongo Region
- latitude: -21.566699981689
- longitude: 15.35000038147
- record: FCK
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
FCK_Radiocarbon
- series: FCK_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -1095.21 | 79.3466 | KN-I-460 | KN-I-460 | | 2940 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | | | Unreliable stratigraphy | |
| -1054.65 | 79.1774 | KN-I-461 | KN-I-461 | | 2910 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| 1754.92 | 85.9382 | KN-I-729 | KN-I-729 | | 230 | 50 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | | | | |
| -965.156 | 80.4453 | KN-I-730 | KN-I-730 | | 2840 | 55 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| -145.147 | 96.7983 | KN-I-731 | KN-I-731 | | 2150 | 60 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| -201.907 | 88.655 | KN-I-732 | KN-I-732 | | 2190 | 40 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/FCK
HSB
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Hasenbild, Twyfelfontein
- country: Namibia
- region: Kunene Region
- latitude: -20.583299636841
- longitude: 14.383299827576
- record: HSB
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
HSB_Radiocarbon
- series: HSB_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 1556.84 | 56.8554 | KN-I-469 | KN-I-469 | | 370 | 50 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | 8-15cm | | | |
| 1798.28 | 87.6287 | Pta-2014 | Pta-2014 | | 180 | 60 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | 15-20cm | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/HSB
MSS
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Messum Shelter
- country: Namibia
- region: Erongo District
- latitude: -21.36669921875
- longitude: 14.28330039978
- record: MSS
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
MSS_Radiocarbon
- series: MSS_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| 1211.02 | 55.3749 | KN-I-636 | KN-I-636 | | 860 | 55 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | | | | |
| -44.5723 | 118.716 | KN-I-637 | KN-I-637 | | 2070 | 90 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| -953.212 | 78.1738 | KN-I-638 | KN-I-638 | | 2830 | 55 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| -61.257 | 64.6504 | KN-I-639 | KN-I-639 | | 2090 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/MSS
NTB
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Namtib
- country: Namibia
- region: Karas Region
- latitude: -26.03330039978
- longitude: 16.25
- record: NTB
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
NTB_Radiocarbon
- series: NTB_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -6362.28 | 82.1197 | KN-2142 | KN-2142 | | 7560 | 75 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | Disturbed stratigraphy | |
| -7219.55 | 111.551 | KN-2143 | KN-2143 | | 8230 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | | |
| -6681.62 | 144.936 | Pta-1185 | Pta-1185 | | 7840 | 90 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Wilton | | | | |
| -4187.63 | 94.3046 | Pta-1186 | Pta-1186 | | 5400 | 70 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | | | | Disturbed stratigraphy | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/NTB
POC
- environment: Desert Biome
- site_context: rock shelter
- site: Pockenbank
- country: Namibia
- region: ||Karas Region
- latitude: -27.21669960022
- longitude: 16.516700744629
- record: POC
- site_type: Archaeological
Data series
POC_Radiocarbon
- series: POC_Radiocarbon
- series_type: R_Dates
- parameter_list: ~z,~z_range,r_technique,period,sub_period,context,sub_context,notes
| -5762.01 | 56.8839 | KN-I.624 | KN-I.624 | | 6910 | 45 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | | | 5-10 cm | | no typical LSA observed | |
| -21341 | 359.447 | KN-I.625 | KN-I.625 | | 19320 | 320 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | 52 – 54 cm below datum | | | |
| -32835.6 | 2051.13 | KN-I.627. | KN-I.627. | | 29900 | 1600 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Final MSA | 113 – 115 cm below datum | | | |
| -36354.6 | 953.324 | KN-I.628. | KN-I.628. | | 33500 | 750 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | 131 – 134 cm below datum | | | |
| -38928.9 | 924.053 | KN-I.629. | KN-I.629. | | 36000 | 1150 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | 84 – 87 cm below datum | | | |
| 1556.84 | 56.8554 | Pta-1202 | Pta-1202 | | 370 | 50 | plant remains | | | conventional 14C | LSA | Ceramic LSA | | | | |
| -21663.6 | 256.835 | Pta-1203 | Pta-1203 | | 19700 | 200 | charcoal | | | conventional 14C | LSA | ELSA | 5-538 | | | |
| -38708.6 | 603.218 | Pta-503 | Pta-503 | | 35600 | 680 | Eggshell | Struthio camelus | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | | | | |
| -48907.9 | 2584.73 | Pta-504 | Pta-504 | | 49500 | 5400 | Eggshell | Struthio camelus | | conventional 14C | MSA | Final MSA | | | | |
- data_url: https://intchron.org/public.php?record=sadb/POC
Publications
- Freundlich, J., Schwabedissen, H. and Wendt, W. (1980) Köln Radiocarbon Measurements II. Radiocarbon, 22(01), pp.68-81. doi:10.1017/s0033822200004732 data publication
- Vogel, J. and Visser, E. (1981) Pretoria Radiocarbon Dates II. Radiocarbon, 23(01), pp.43-80. doi:10.1017/s0033822200037462 data publication
- Vogelsang, R., Richter, J., Jacobs, Z., Eichhorn, B., Linseele, V. and Roberts, R. (2010) New Excavations of Middle Stone Age Deposits at Apollo 11 Rockshelter, Namibia: Stratigraphy, Archaeology, Chronology and Past Environments. Journal of African Archaeology, 8(2), pp.185-218. doi:10.3213/1612-1651-10170 data publication
- Wendt, W. (1976) 'Art Mobilier' from the Apollo 11 Cave, South West Africa: Africa's Oldest Dated Works of Art. The South African Archaeological Bulletin, 31(121/122), p.5. doi:10.2307/3888265 data publication
Compilation
- by: IntChron
- url: https://intchron.org
- updated: 2025-07-01T04:59:35+01:00
- retrieved: 2025-07-01T04:59:35+01:00
- schema: https://intchron.org/schema
- data_url: http://intchron.org/public.php?ref=doi:10.1017/s0033822200004732
Site designed by: Christopher Bronk Ramsey, University of Oxford