{"data_url":"https:\/\/intchron.org\/public.php?record=egyptdb\/Saqqara_Teti_Pyramid","json_application":"INTCHRON.Project","records":[{"site":"Saqqara Teti Pyramid","country":"Egypt","record":"Saqqara_Teti_Pyramid","longitude":31.221799850463867,"latitude":29.875200271606445,"file":"https:\/\/intchron.org\/archive\/EgyptDB\/EgyptDB20\/record\/Saqqara_Teti_Pyramid.json","file_data":{"json_application":"INTCHRON.Record:4","header":{"environment":"Desert edge","z_type":null,"z_basis":null,"z_units":null,"t_source":null,"suppress_t":null,"suppress_z":null,"record_comment":null,"site":"Saqqara Teti Pyramid","country":"Egypt","region":"Lower Egypt","latitude":29.875200271606445,"longitude":31.221799850463867,"elevation":0,"record":"Saqqara_Teti_Pyramid","site_type":"Archaeological","color":"rgb(204,204,0)"},"series_list":[{"series":"Radiocarbon","series_type":"R_Dates","parameter_list":"~z,~z_range,period,dynasty,reign,context,longitude,latitude","header_list":"","selected":true,"data":{"t":[-2200.73,-3217.51,-2552.57,-2747.5,-2558.98,1307.39,1351.34,-2809.09,-2723.16,-2678.19,-2354.76,-2389.47,-2394.17,-2410.64,-2286.45,-2740.28,-2427.75,-2441.24,-2448.51],"t_sigma":[130.012,168.813,88.1116,82.0771,99.1406,43.7169,35.2617,87.2839,91.7653,106.525,81.9821,84.6235,90.3022,92.296,222.025,88.5756,127.546,113.623,98.2238],"labcode":["BM-331","ETH-0332","ETH-13541","ETH-13542","ETH-13543","ETH-13636","ETH-13637","ETH-13638","ETH-13639","ETH-13640","ETH-13646","ETH-13647","ETH-13648","ETH-13649","ETH-4240","SMU-1355","SRR-6","UB-66","UCLA-1388"],"sample":["EDB_1011","EDB_1012","EDB_1013","EDB_1014","EDB_1015","EDB_1016","EDB_1017","EDB_1018","EDB_1019","EDB_1020","EDB_1021","EDB_1022","EDB_1023","EDB_1024","EDB_1025","EDB_1026","EDB_1027","EDB_1028","EDB_1029"],"qual":["","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""],"r_date":[3770,4520,4018,4165,4019,707,609,4238,4134,4094,3884,3915,3919,3931,3829,4161,3940,3950,3955],"r_date_sigma":[85,120,50,49,55,44,48,55,50,53,53,55,59,59,155,57,80,70,60],"material":["wood","charcoal","plant remains","plant remains","plant remains","plant remains","plant remains","plant remains","plant remains","plant remains","charcoal","charcoal","charcoal","charcoal","charcoal","wood","wood","wood","wood"],"taxon":["pinus","","straw","straw","straw","straw","straw","straw","straw","straw","","","","","","","","",""],"d13C":[-22.8,-11.5,-25.5,-24,-23.3,-24.7,-21.8,-20.5,-23.2,-19.9,-23.1,-27.1,-25.4,-29.9,-24.4,-21,-21.2,null,null],"period":["Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom","Old Kingdom"],"dynasty":[6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6],"reign":["Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti","Teti"],"context":["Pyramid of Teti. Wood from outermost gr","Pyramid of Teti. 2nd tier of blocks, ea","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti. Log underneath sarcoph","Pyramid of Teti","Pyramid of Teti - outermost growth rings","Pyramid of Teti"],"longitude":[31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218,31.2218],"latitude":[29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752,29.8752]},"refs":["doi:10.1017\/s0033822200008420","doi:10.1017\/s0003598x00047979","doi:10.1017\/s0033822200038558","ref:haas1987rch","doi:10.1017\/s0033822200009000","doi:10.1017\/s0003598x00072641","doi:10.1017\/s0033822200058719","doi:10.1524\/zaes.1976.103.jg.30"]}],"refs":["doi:10.1017\/s0033822200008420","doi:10.1017\/s0003598x00047979","doi:10.1017\/s0033822200038558","ref:haas1987rch","doi:10.1017\/s0033822200009000","doi:10.1017\/s0003598x00072641","doi:10.1017\/s0033822200058719","doi:10.1524\/zaes.1976.103.jg.30"],"changed":true}}],"bibliography":[{"ref":"dee2012srd","firstauthor":"Dee","year":2012,"reftype":"article","author":"Dee, M W and Rowland, J M and Higham, T F G and Shortland, A J and Brock, F and Harris, S A and Bronk Ramsey, C","title":"Synchronising Radiocarbon Dating and the Egyptian Historical chronology by Improved Sample Selection","journal":"Antiquity","volume":"86","number":"333","pagefrom":868,"pageto":883,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s0003598x00047979","doi":"10.1017\/s0003598x00047979","isbn":"","citation":"Dee et al., 2012","reference":"Dee, M.W., Rowland, J.M., Higham, T.F.G., Shortland, A.J., Brock, F., Harris, S.A. and Bronk Ramsey, C. (2012) Synchronising Radiocarbon Dating and the Egyptian Historical chronology by Improved Sample Selection. Antiquity, 86(333), pp.868-883. doi:10.1017\/s0003598x00047979"},{"ref":"bonani2001rdm","firstauthor":"Bonani","year":2001,"reftype":"article","author":"Bonani, G and Haas, H and Hawass, Z and Lehner, M and Nakhla, S and Nolan, J and Wenke, R and Wolfli, W","title":"Radiocarbon dates of old and Middle Kingdom monuments in Egypt","journal":"Radiocarbon","volume":"43","number":"3","pagefrom":1297,"pageto":1320,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033822200038558","doi":"10.1017\/s0033822200038558","isbn":"","citation":"Bonani et al., 2001","reference":"Bonani, G., Haas, H., Hawass, Z., Lehner, M., Nakhla, S., Nolan, J., Wenke, R. and Wolfli, W. (2001) Radiocarbon dates of old and Middle Kingdom monuments in Egypt. Radiocarbon, 43(3), pp.1297-1320. doi:10.1017\/s0033822200038558"},{"ref":"haas1987rch","firstauthor":"Haas","year":1987,"reftype":"incollection","author":"Haas, H and Devine, J and Wenke, R and Lehner, M and Wolfli, W and Bonani, G","title":"Radiocarbon Chronology and the Historical Calendar in Egypt: Relative Chronologies and Absolute Chronology 16,000-14,000 BP","journal":"","volume":"Internatio","number":"","pagefrom":0,"pageto":0,"series":"","publisher":"BAR","address":"Oxford","booktitle":"Chronologies in the Near East","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"","doi":"","isbn":"","citation":"Haas et al., 1987","reference":"Haas, H., Devine, J., Wenke, R., Lehner, M., Wolfli, W. and Bonani, G. (1987) Radiocarbon Chronology and the Historical Calendar in Egypt: Relative Chronologies and Absolute Chronology 16,000-14,000 BP. In Aurenche, O., Evin, J. and Hours, F., Eds. Chronologies in the Near East. Vol. Internatio Oxford, BAR."},{"ref":"hassan1987prc","firstauthor":"Hassan","year":1987,"reftype":"article","author":"Hassan, F A and Robinson, S W","title":"High-Precision Radiocarbon Chronometry of Ancient-Egypt, and Comparisons with Nubia, Palestine and Mesopotamia","journal":"Antiquity","volume":"61","number":"231","pagefrom":119,"pageto":135,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s0003598x00072641","doi":"10.1017\/s0003598x00072641","isbn":"","citation":"Hassan and Robinson, 1987","reference":"Hassan, F.A. and Robinson, S.W. (1987) High-Precision Radiocarbon Chronometry of Ancient-Egypt, and Comparisons with Nubia, Palestine and Mesopotamia. Antiquity, 61(231), pp.119-135. doi:10.1017\/s0003598x00072641"},{"ref":"long1976aec","firstauthor":"Long","year":1976,"reftype":"article","author":"Long, R D","title":"Ancient Egyptian chronology, radiocarbon dating and calibration","journal":"Zeitschrift fur \\\"Agyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde","volume":"103","number":"1","pagefrom":30,"pageto":48,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1524\/zaes.1976.103.jg.30","doi":"10.1524\/zaes.1976.103.jg.30","isbn":"","citation":"Long, 1976","reference":"Long, R.D. (1976) Ancient Egyptian chronology, radiocarbon dating and calibration. Zeitschrift fur \u00c4gyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde, 103(1), pp.30-48. doi:10.1524\/zaes.1976.103.jg.30"},{"ref":"harkness1973sur","firstauthor":"Harkness","year":1973,"reftype":"article","author":"Harkness, D D and Wilson, H W","title":"Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre Radiocarbon Measurements I","journal":"Radiocarbon","volume":"15","number":"3","pagefrom":554,"pageto":565,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033822200009000","doi":"10.1017\/s0033822200009000","isbn":"","citation":"Harkness and Wilson, 1973","reference":"Harkness, D.D. and Wilson, H.W. (1973) Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre Radiocarbon Measurements I. Radiocarbon, 15(3), pp.554-565. doi:10.1017\/s0033822200009000"},{"ref":"smith1973brd","firstauthor":"Smith","year":1973,"reftype":"article","author":"Smith, A G and Pearson, G W and Pilcher, J R","title":"Belfast Radiocarbon Dates V","journal":"Radiocarbon","volume":"15","number":"1","pagefrom":212,"pageto":228,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033822200058719","doi":"10.1017\/s0033822200058719","isbn":"","citation":"Smith et al., 1973","reference":"Smith, A.G., Pearson, G.W. and Pilcher, J.R. (1973) Belfast Radiocarbon Dates V. Radiocarbon, 15(1), pp.212-228. doi:10.1017\/s0033822200058719"},{"ref":"barker1971bmn","firstauthor":"Barker","year":1971,"reftype":"article","author":"Barker, H and Burleigh, R and Meeks, N","title":"British Museum natural radiocarbon measurements VII","journal":"Radiocarbon","volume":"13","number":"02","pagefrom":166,"pageto":188,"series":"","publisher":"","address":"","booktitle":"","chapter":null,"edition":null,"organization":"","school":"","institution":"","url":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033822200008420","doi":"10.1017\/s0033822200008420","isbn":"","citation":"Barker et al., 1971","reference":"Barker, H., Burleigh, R. and Meeks, N. (1971) British Museum natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon, 13(02), pp.166-188. doi:10.1017\/s0033822200008420"}],"compilation":{"by":"Christopher Ramsey","url":"https:\/\/intchron.org\/archive\/EgyptDB\/EgyptDB20\/index.json","updated":null,"retrieved":"2025-10-24T04:42:13+01:00"},"schema":"https:\/\/intchron.org\/schema"}